Liked on YouTube: The Exoplanets Of Trappist 1 Planetary System!

The Exoplanets Of Trappist 1 Planetary System!
The Exoplanets Of Trappist 1 Planetary System! It seems like every couple of weeks the news headlines announce a new “Earth-size” planet, making it look as if leaving earth and inhabiting another planet is just around the corner. But actually, we are far from that! In this video, we are going to talk about a planetary system that made the world go crazy back when it first came out with how many Earth-size planets it contains. We are talking about the planetary system “TRAPPIST-1”! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #InsaneCuriosity The story goes back to the year 1999 and begins with a star 40 light years away in the constellation “Aquarius”, the star was discovered by the astronomer “John Gizis” with the help of his colleagues. They gave the star the hideous long name; “2MASS J23062928-0502285”!!!!! The star was identified as an “ultra-cool” M-type dwarf star, that’s a type of star, which as their name suggests, holds a very low temperature that goes below 2700 °K (4400 °F). You might think that’s still very hot, but believe me, for a star, that’s ”ultra-cool”, much cooler than our sun’s surface temperature for example, that goes to nearly 6000 °K ( 10000°F). The star is very dim in the night sky, stargazers can not see it with the naked eye, and in comparison to our sun, the star “2MASS J23062928-0502285” is a dwarf star, with only 11% of the sun’s diameter which makes it just a little bit bigger than Jupiter, and it’s also much redder in colour than the sun. And because of its small size, the star consumes fuel much slower than our own sun, that’s why when we look at its age, we find it twice as old as the sun. Scientists have estimated the star’s age to range between 5.4 and 9.8 billion years, while our sun is only 4 and a half billion old. The story progresses ‘till we reach the year 2008 when the construction to build a new telescope called “TRAPPIST” was approved, the name is a short for the “TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope” and it’s a telescope funded by Belgian Fund for Scientific Research and the Liège University in Belgium. The “TRAPPIST” telescope consists of 2 robotics telescopes, one located in the “La Silla Observatory” in Chile and the other in the “Oukaïmeden Observatory” in Morocco. The main purpose of building this telescope was to study bodies outside the solar system, such as exoplanets and comets and asteroids and other small bodies. Now, we flash forward again to the year 2016 when astronomer “Michaël Gillon”, alongside NASA astronomer “Susan M. Lederer” found 3 Earth-sized exoplanets around the star “2MASS J23062928-0502285”, and in honor of the “TRAPPIST” telescope, astronomers gave the star a newer neat and fancy name: “TRAPPIST-1”. More observations in the following year using the NASA’s “Spitzer Space Telescope” and other telescopes have discovered that the star “TRAPPIST-1” actually hosts 7 Earth-sized exoplanets, not just 3! And all 7 planets orbit the host star at a distance closer than Mercury is to our Sun, that’s so ridiculously close that if you were to stand on one planet, you’d be able to see the others as moons in the sky and even visually bigger than our Moon! Another thing astronomers noticed was how the planets may be tidally locked to their host star just like how the moon is tidally locked to the Earth. Being “tidally locked” means that a body orbits its host with only one face always facing the host. In the case of the planetary system “TRAPPIST-1”, all the planets in the system may have one face facing the star at all times, leading to permanent day time on one side and permanent night time on another side, which in turn causes extreme temperature change and weather patterns. The discovery marked the first time ever for astronomers to spot THAT MANY Earth-sized exoplanets around a single star! Further observations and simulations have confirmed that the first 6 of the exoplanets may be rocky ones, and the last planet could be of icy nature. The discovery also marked for the first time 3 planets (“TRAPPIST-1e” “TRAPPIST-1f” and “TRAPPIST-1g”) in the same planetary system within the habitable zone. See, Finding an Earth-size planet is not merely enough for it to be able to host life as we know it, the planet needs to fall within what astronomers call “the habitable zone” and also clear some criteria about its atmosphere. The habitable zone is the zone that is not so far away nor so near to a star, and at which a planet could orbit with just the right temperature for life to evolve and for water to exist on it.
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fbQPO9i_ErA

Liked on YouTube: Spending a Day on Earth 500 Million Years Ago

Spending a Day on Earth 500 Million Years Ago
*Thanks for over 30,000 subscribers* Earth is quite an old place, and during it's 4.5 billion years it changed drastically but especially when first animals started to appear, and that is 500 million years ago. So here it talk on what would it be like to spend a day on this ancient Earth. Intro and outro footage made with Space Engine. Music: Kevin MacLeod - Lost Frontier If you are reading this, here is a little secret: Future name of the channel will be "Dreksler Astral".
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5gtHtvaYAg

Liked on YouTube: MakeMake Facts And History: "Easter Bunny" Dwarf Planet!

MakeMake Facts And History: "Easter Bunny" Dwarf Planet!
From its interesting name, to its composition, discovery, and more! Join me as we explore MakeMake: Facts and History! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9. What Is MakeMake? Given the rather odd name for the object, you'd be forgiven for not knowing exactly what this entity is on its title alone. It's a Dwarf Planet, and possibly one of the biggest in our solar system. Along with fellow dwarf planets Pluto, Eris and Haumea, it is located in the Kuiper Belt, a region outside the orbit of Neptune. Slightly smaller than Pluto, Makemake is the second-brightest object in the Kuiper Belt as seen from Earth (while Pluto is the brightest). This particular dwarf planet holds an important place in the history of solar system studies because it—along with Eris—was one of the objects whose discovery prompted the International Astronomical Union to reconsider the definition of a planet and to create the new group of dwarf planets. Of which Pluto would be demoted from a full planet to a dwarf planet. Leaving many to wonder what would've happened if this particular set of objects were never discovered at all. Would Pluto still be a planet today? The dwarf planet was named after the Rapanui god of fertility. If you don't know, these are the people who lived on Easter Island. 8. The Discovery Makemake was discovered on March 31, 2005, by a team at the Palomar Observatory, led by Michael E. Brown, and was announced to the public in July of 2005. The team had planned to delay announcing their discoveries of it and Eris until further observations and calculations were complete, but announced them both on July 29 when the discovery of another large object they had been tracking, Haumea, was controversially announced on July 27 by a different team in Spain. There was a bit of a fight over this, but that's another story entirely. Despite its relative brightness (it is about a fifth as bright as Pluto), Makemake was not discovered until after many much fainter Kuiper belt objects. Which no doubt struck the team finding it as odd, among other things. Most searches for minor planets are conducted relatively close to the ecliptic (the region of the sky that the Sun, Moon and planets appear to lie in, as seen from Earth), due to the greater likelihood of finding objects there. It probably escaped detection during the earlier surveys due to its relatively high orbital inclination, and the fact that it was at its farthest distance from the ecliptic at the time of its discovery, in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. Besides Pluto, Makemake is the only other dwarf planet that was bright enough that Clyde Tombaugh could have detected it during his search for trans-Neptunian planets around 1930. At the time of Tombaugh's survey, it was only a few degrees from the ecliptic, near the border of Taurus and Auriga, at an apparent magnitude of 16.0. This position, however, was also very near the Milky Way, and the dwarf planet would have been almost impossible to find against the dense background of stars. Tombaugh continued searching for some years after the discovery of Pluto, but he did not find Makemake or any other trans-Neptunian objects. Which is now very ironic due to all the various objects we've found in that area since Pluto. Going to show that while the early astronomers were incredibly talented, they did have their limits based on the technology that they wielded. 7. Orbit As of April 2019, Makemake is 52.5 AU from the Sun, almost as far from the Sun as it ever reaches on its orbit. The dwarf planet follows an orbit very similar to that of Haumea: highly inclined at 29° and a moderate eccentricity of about 0.16. But still, its orbit is slightly farther from the Sun in terms of both the semi-major axis and perihelion. Its orbital period is 305 years approximately, more than Pluto's 248 years and Haumea's 285 years. Both it and Haumea are currently far from the ecliptic (at an angular distance of almost 29°). However, it is approaching its 2033 aphelion, whereas Haumea passed its aphelion in early 1992. To put its orbit into context, a human life averages around 70-80 years, but there have been many who have reached 100 or over, so for it to go around the sun once via its orbit is like those people living three lifetimes. Which would be quite a feat indeed. #InsaneCuriosity #MakeMake #TheSolarSystem
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lzIHuyytjbY

Liked on YouTube: The Case of the Pentagon UFO Videos

The Case of the Pentagon UFO Videos
In 2017, three classified videos showing encounters between military jets and so-called "Unidentified Aerial Phenomena" were released to the media. In the years since, the case has drawn global attention, as even governments are being forced to question whether we truly are alone. But are the videos really showing the real deal? Today, we will exam the evidence from each of the three encounters to find an answer. Connect with me on social media! Follow my new Twitter: https://twitter.com/SEA_yt_ Join the official partner #SeaSquad Discord Server: https://discord.gg/SEA Business Enquiries: SEA.Enquiries@gmail.com Below is a list of the music tracks and pieces of footage I used in this video. You can also find the full list of the sources of information used to research and inform this video. MUSIC: - Thin Places - Jesse Gallagher (YouTube Audio Library) - Tlakaelel - Dan Bodan (YouTube Audio Library) - Leoforos Alexandras - Dan Bodan (YouTube Audio Library) - Monumental Journey - Jesse Gallagher (YouTube Audio Library) - Cylinder Four - Chris Zabriskie: https://ift.tt/21eZ8WV Artist: https://ift.tt/wfgYUg FOOTAGE: The scenes in this video were captured using SpaceEngine Pro, a virtual universe simulator: http://spaceengine.org/ Get SpaceEngine on Steam: https://ift.tt/2Lwlxjk Most of the stock footage in this video was provided by Videezy.com. Check them out: https://ift.tt/1THLPL7 Some scenes in this video were provided by Motion Places. Check them out: https://ift.tt/2GSAevh - US Air Force Videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73j15a_5l3Q - F/A-18F Super Hornet Demonstration: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8SJ98CEqsQ - Superhornet Glare: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j__B6zx60K0 - Horizon Rotation Demonstration: (Mick West): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ka_bX9Hx1H0 - Rotating Infrared Glare (Mick West): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcsAZTKRv5E - Star Wars Clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lfy5Esue_ls - Drones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfYHWJeboYE - ScanEagle Drones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6OloUUhMeg - Astronaut Footage: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tgRMAVoHRbk SOURCES OF INFORMATION: (Incident-related Content) - GIMBAL.wmv: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKHg-vnTFsM - GOFAST.wmv: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8xFZVJpY_M - FLIR.mp4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcOzXVO8O8w - USS Nimitz Pilot Report: https://ift.tt/2VrWpy7 - US DOD Statement on the Incident: https://ift.tt/2ScAzx2 (Informative Content) - NY Times Investigative Report https://ift.tt/2CJRxcP - NY Times Follow-up Interview: https://ift.tt/2Bjgsne - Declassified Navy Documents: https://ift.tt/3bEcVRQ - Wikipedia: https://ift.tt/31zNMm9 - List of UFO Sightings: https://ift.tt/1pwvGZP - To The Stars Page on Gimbal: https://ift.tt/389P0sG (Skeptic Articles & Content) - Skeptical Inquirer: https://ift.tt/3i7Dvq6 - Debunking GIMBAL (Mick West): https://ift.tt/2MkrBuO (Interviews, News and TV) - Vice Interview with Fravor: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqdOXfuzDIw&t=114s - History Channel Video on the Incident: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cNnvcZmfV5k - History Channel Video on the Five Observables: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sstBSuXIW0I - CNN Story Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60ZJQ4I7_3M - Stephen Colbert: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IK1nXr-ia2Y - Tucker Carlson interviews Fravor: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDj9ZZQY2kA - History Channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTLSQCF6ohQ&t
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUebtejcoCk

Liked on YouTube: What the Sun Looks Like from Other Solar System Planets | Unveiled

What the Sun Looks Like from Other Solar System Planets | Unveiled
Join us as we travel around the solar system, stopping off at every planet to discover one important thing; what does the sun look like? In this video, Unveiled looks up at the sky from Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto... and the view is incredible! (And, also, very surprising!) If you had the choice, which planet would you visit first of all? This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: Why Does Jupiter Have So Many Moons? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgdVM1kt2Hc What Sky Looks Like on Other Planets - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_AcL804GC0 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #SolarSystem #Space #SpaceTravel #Interesting #Explore #Solar
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TV79C2J9EPE

Liked on YouTube: How First Civilizations Considered The Universe!

How First Civilizations Considered The Universe!
We may have a great knowledge about the universe existence but who were the first observers that placed universe on the front line? Join me as I show you, how 3 ancient civilizations, considered the Universe. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- First lets start withThe Inca Empire The Inca Empire flourished in the Andes Mountains in South America from the 12th to 16th centuries. It contained Ecuador and Colombia, down though Peru, Bolivia, northwest Argentina, and down through central Chile. So you get that we are talking about a great empire. Some centuries later, The Inca Empire was destroyed by the Spanish conquest but before this happened, the capital’s name was Cusco, today’s Peru, and more than 200 nations used to live all together in harmony. Their god was “Inti” or in other words our beautiful Sun who made its appearance through the Titicaca lake and gave life to the Universe. Their love and respect for the Sun was so deep, that they considered The Inca emperors to be the Sun’s descendants, and were worshiped as deities. As we go further, you will understand on a deeper level how much their life was affected by the Sun. Let’s see the ways they chose to show their love to the Sun. They built extravagant pillars and temples with great precision so that the sun would pass over the structures or through windows on specific days, like the summer and the winter solstice. The serpent or Mach’acuay The constellation Mach'acuay is a wavy dark band located on the Milky Way between Canis Major and the Southern Cross. The serpent is connected to water and the agricultural cycle. The head of the serpent constellation came out in August and is hidden away again in February. The Toad or Hanp’atu It symbolizes water and natural springs. The Toad had the significance that his appearance in the night sky coincided with the beginning of the Inca agricultural cycle: when he showed up, it meant that the time to plant the seeds had come, until the end of October. The Tinamou or Yutu Located at the base of the Southern Cross, Tinamou is the next dark constellation to emerge as the Milky Way becomes visible in the night sky. Tinamou is related to crop fertility, the rainy season and the time that rainbows appear. The Llama or Urcuchillay The llama is perhaps the most important of the constellations to the Incas. Although the llama is a dark constellation, the stars Alpha and Beta Centauri serve as its “eyes” and are the first to emerge when the llama rises in November. The constellation consists of two llamas, a mother, and a baby. Llamas were of great importance to the Incas: they were food, beasts of burden and sacrifices to the gods. These sacrifices often took place at certain times with astronomical significance such as equinoxes and solstices. Llama herders were particularly attentive to the movements of the celestial llama and offered it sacrifices. The Fox or Atoq The fox is a small black splotch at the feet of the llama deat*. This constellation has a connection to earthly foxes: the Sun passes through the constellation in December, the time when baby foxes are born. Now let’s continue to another Empire that also has its own unique story. The Mayan Empire! The Mayan tribe was a native of Central America, mainly Mexico, whose first chronological finds date back to 7,500 BC. They were scholars of the stars with a deep sense of sanctity for nature, the planet, and the universe, whose traces were lost with the Spanish conquest. Their famous city was Palenque, which was discovered in 1773. Last but not least, The Aztecs Empire This Empire dominated Central America in Mexico in the 14th-16th centuries. It was a dominant culture of the recent post-classical period. The name Atzekos comes from the word "Aztlan" which means white earth. Their origins are linked to the population movements of Toltec refugees and the immigration of the Tsitsimeks who settled around 1000 in the Mexican basin. Their capital was Tenochtitlan which means "Stone that comes out of the water" Aztecs were concerned about a lack of stability and the potential destruction of the world coming from the sky. According to the legend, they believed that the universe would stop moving at the end of each New Fire of a cycle that lasted 52 years #InsaneCuriosity
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrg-Smdgcmw

The Planets

A basic information for the planets in our Solar System, including dwarf planets. Music: Dreamy Flashback Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://ift.tt/oKTIFM https://ift.tt/29c8QUn Please comment, like, and subscribe to my channel for more videos!

Top 10 Largest Asteroids

This was inspired by Joey Pelobel. Here are the top ten largest asteroids: 10. 31 Euphrosyne 9. 15 Eunomia 8. 87 Sylvia 7. 511 Davida 6. 52 Europa 5. 704 Interamnia 4. 10 Hygiea 3. 2 Pallas 2. 4 Vesta 1. Ceres Music: The Complex Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://ift.tt/oKTIFM https://ift.tt/3g6OUVg Please comment, like, and subscribe to my channel for more videos!

Space Pictures Slideshow

A slide show of space pictures, including photos of our Solar System. 00:03 The Sun 00:39 Mercury 01:09 Venus 01:33 Earth & Moon 01:54 Mars 02:33 Asteroids 02:48 Jupiter 03:30 Saturn 04:21 Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto 04:42 Nebulae and Galaxies Music: Carefree Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://ift.tt/oKTIFM https://ift.tt/2fX2POk Life of Riley Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://ift.tt/oKTIFM https://ift.tt/2KqnPwQ Please comment, like, and subscribe to my channel for more videos!

Liked on YouTube: The Lost City Has Been Found in the Sahara

The Lost City Has Been Found in the Sahara
I have a NEW channel ► "Meet, Arnold!" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsoJa2pm6Mo If you like this video - put Thumb Up button (please) and Subscribe to Ridddle channel. We will make this universe smarter together! Okay, okay. I got to go..... See You Soooooooooooooooon dudes ;)
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMk9kuRZjSs

Liked on YouTube: The stunning connection of Entropy, Time & Information

The stunning connection of Entropy, Time & Information
Go to https://ift.tt/3i9azOB to sign up for free. And, the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium membership. The common interpretation of entropy is that it is a measure of disorder in the universe. The universe is on path to more and more disorder. And this is the reason time is thought to flow forward. Is entropy a fundamental property of nature? Or is there something deeper? Scottish physicist, James Clerk Maxwell came up with a thought experiment, called Maxwell’s demon, that showed a mechanism where entropy could be reversed. It would violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics. No one could resolve it for over 100 years. But when researchers at IBM solved this paradox, they showed that entropy was related to something even more fundamental - information. All physical laws appear to be time reversible. The only law of physics which appears to be time irreversible is the law of increasing entropy – the 2nd law of thermodynamics. Let’s take a container with gas isolated on one side with a barrier. If we remove the barrier, the gas will expand into the full volume of the container. We have just increased the entropy of the gas. The reason there is more disorder is that in a greater volume there are more places that individual gas molecules could be. This greater possible number of arrangements is a better description of entropy. What if we pushed the gas back to half the volume of the container. Wouldn’t this reduce the entropy back to what it was? No, because compressing the gas requires putting work into the system. It would raise the temperature of the gas. It would heat up and the entropy would increase making up for any decrease in entropy due to the smaller volume. Could the gas spontaneously arrange itself so that it fills only half the volume? Yes, and that would violate the 2nd law, but there is nothing in the laws of physics that prevents this from happening, except that it is very unlikely. The possibility that all the multiple trillions of molecules in the gas could arrange themselves in one side of the container is about one in 10^150,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. This number is so big, that it is statistically impossible. Maxwell's demon: a chamber with a divider in the center. we start out with a gas in one chamber, this gas will distribute itself evenly between the two chambers. We put a door between the two chambers controlled by a little demon. The door is frictionless so adds no energy in the enclosed system. The demon controls the door such that he only lets the molecules travel in one direction. This demon makes it so all the gas is collected on the left chamber so that no molecules remain in the right chamber. The entropy decreased. This seems to violate the 2nd law. Rolf Landaur and Charles Bennett showed that In order for the demon to reduce the entropy, he has to gather information about the movement of various molecules. He is building a memory record. The demon is increasing the amount of information in the system. This increase in information is an increase in entropy. The decrease in entropy due to the volume decrease is exactly counterbalanced by an increase in information in the demon’s brain. The 2nd law is not violated. They also showed that erasing information is not free. It produces heat to increase entropy. So entropy is really a measure of the information required to express the state of a system. A system with Higher entropy requires more information to describe its microstates. How is time related to entropy and information? All the laws of physics we know appear to be symmetrical with respect to time, except Entropy is asymmetrical. It flows only in one direction - higher. This inspired British Scientist Arthur Eddington to postulate that it is the increase in entropy that is responsible for the flow of time. It is not a good theory because the prediction it would make is that time should go backward when entropy decreases. The inside of your refrigerator is a place where entropy is decreasing. Your food is getting colder, but time doesn’t flow backward inside your refrigerator. The low entropy start of the universe is thought to be the primary reason why time flows forward. But why was entropy so low at the beginning? Given all the different configurations it could have been in, why the lowest one? No one really knows. #entropy Maybe It is just a fact. Another idea is from physicists like as Alan Guth and Sean Carroll. if there is no upper limit to entropy, then no matter where the universe started, it would have been in the lowest entropy state. It has nowhere else to go except a higher entropy state. If Time flows forward as entropy becomes higher, then we are a consequence of the increasing entropy of the universe. If the universe was in thermal equilibrium, we would not exist. The reason we have causality, evolution, biological processes, thoughts, memories and even consciousness is entropy.
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6CxT4AESCQ

Liked on YouTube: Have 36 Alien Civilizations Colonized The Milky Way? | Unveiled

Have 36 Alien Civilizations Colonized The Milky Way? | Unveiled
A new study suggests that there are 36 alien civilisations LIVING IN THE MILKY WAY. In this video, Unveiled discovers just how close to alien life we might finally be... with scientists proposing that there are communicating, extraterrestrial species in our own galaxy! What do you think... Has the Milky Way already been colonized by alien life?? This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: Did Aliens Seed Life on Earth? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDjGiXEnKQ4 Did NASA Just Find Proof of Parallel Universes? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3GKLp0nxY4 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #Aliens #MilkyWay #CETI #SETI #Space #SolarSystem #Science
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_83K6BOF1U8

Liked on YouTube: Betelgeuse Explained

Betelgeuse Explained
At the beginning of 2020, the world held its collective breath as a nearby behemoth star, called Betelgeuse, start to dramatically fade. Could this mean the star is about to go supernova? With the recent flutter of news activity settling down, we are now finally starting to understand what might have really happened. Today, we take a deep dive into what makes massive stars like this tick, and then get into how we might have now finally come up with answers to this bizarre event. An educational video written and presented by Prof. David Kipping. You can now support our research and the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University: https://ift.tt/2WLxcP8 Chapters 0:00 Teaser 0:53 Massive Stars 7:07 Dying Massive Stars 12:47 Dimming 2020 17:36 Explaining the Dimming References ► Fuller, J. & Ro, S., 2018, "Pre-supernova outbursts via wave heating in massive stars - II. Hydrogen-poor stars", MNRAS 476, 1853: https://ift.tt/3axYgGK ► Dimming plots come from @betelbot (https://twitter.com/betelbot) Twitter account run by Michael Hippke, which collates AAVSO data. ► Gerhz, R. et al., 2020, "Betelgeuse remains steadfast in the infrared", Astronomer's Telegram #13518: https://ift.tt/2usu6FK ► Sukhbold, T. & Adams, A., 2019, "Missing Red Supergiants and Carbon Burning", MNRAS 492, 2578: https://ift.tt/2xgRvuZ ► Dolan, M. et al. 2020, "Evolutionary tracks for Betelgeuse", ApJ 819, 7: https://ift.tt/2PQf7wV ► Adams, S. et al., 2017, "The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: confirmation of a disappearing star", MNRAS 468, 4968: https://ift.tt/2cIYOQH ► Levesque, E. & Massey, P., 2020, "Betelgeuse Just Isn't That Cool: Effective Temperature Alone Cannot Explain the Recent Dimming of Betelgeuse", arXiv preprint: https://ift.tt/2PpDh0Q Videos used: ► Simulation of forming protostars by Matthew Bate, The UK Astrophysics Fluid Facility, University of Leicester: https://ift.tt/2VNkkJC ► Planet formation animation by Zhaohuan Zhu, Princeton: https://youtu.be/yXq1i3HlumA ► Animation of a white dwarf by VideoFromSpace: https://youtu.be/_T_YmtkHRtc ► Core collapse supernova animation by Kuo-Chuan Pan: https://youtu.be/6r7YUj42SJ0 ► Animation of the Sun becoming a giant, credit ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen): https://ift.tt/2VK22sF ► Animation of a giant star, credit ESO/M. Kornmesser https://ift.tt/2C70i2h ► Supernova animation, credit NASA/CXC/A.Hobart: https://youtu.be/wymMn-SmALY ► Neutron star collapsing animation, credit NASA/CXC/A.Hobart: https://youtu.be/wymMn-SmALY ► Sunspsot rotating into view video by NASA/SDO: https://ift.tt/2VJifhP ► Hot iron video by Aaron Walsh, "Iron Born - An Artist Blacksmith": https://youtu.be/crpZRaUmMjE ► KDIST grabulation video courtesy of NSO/NSF/AURA: https://ift.tt/3aSIszz ► Betelgeuse convection animations by Bernd Freytag: https://ift.tt/2MT4Dey ► Betelgeuse convection animation downgrade by Brendan Drachler (@BrendanDrachler): https://twitter.com/BrendanDrachler/status/1229423234371723264?s=20 ► Coronal mass ejection video from NASA/SDO: https://youtu.be/8H7ZQ3hqj4c ► "What will it look like when Betelgeuse Goes Supernova" by V101 Science: https://youtu.be/hJPVuSNFxlY ► ESO dome supernova animation 2 and 3: https://ift.tt/2PMf1WU and https://ift.tt/2xdY2Xa ► Sun forming animation by Bob Stanford: https://youtu.be/8Rg9v3J0IiU Images used: ► Interferometric images by NASA/ESO/M. Montarges et al. ► HD 12545 images by K.Strassmeier, Vienna, NOAO/AURA/NSF: https://ift.tt/39uUwFW ► Betelgeuse dust wave/bow shocock image courtesy of ESA/Herschel/PACS/L. Decin: https://ift.tt/2vxEY5S ► Thumbnail image is an artist's impression of NGC 1068, credit to NRAO/AUI/NSF, D. Berry/Skyworks: https://ift.tt/39DoyY4 TV/Movie clips used: ► Sunshine (2007) Fox Searchlight Pictures ► How the Universe Works (2018) Pioneer Productions All music used is licensed by SoundStripe.com/Creative Commons: ► Cylinder Seven, Cylinder Five & Cylinder Two (https://ift.tt/1qZTioL) by Chris Zabriskie; licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://ift.tt/1bFo3O7) ► "Waking Up" by Atlas, licensed through SoundStripe.com: https://ift.tt/2KAeHXL ► Music from Neptune Flux, "Stories About the World That Once Was" by Chris Zabriskie (https://ift.tt/2wjqIZD); licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license ► "Selha" by Stephen Keech, licensed through SoundStripe.com: https://ift.tt/2TIdFO2 SUBSCRIBE: http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe #Betelgeuse #BetelgeuseExplained #CoolWorlds
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bvuwTuGnkc

Liked on YouTube: BREAKING NEWS - Massive Prehistoric Monument Found at Stonehenge // Ancient Britain Archaeology

BREAKING NEWS - Massive Prehistoric Monument Found at Stonehenge // Ancient Britain Archaeology
What an incredible time for Archaeology! Subscribe to our other YouTube channels:- - History Time:- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCN9v4QG3AQEP3zuRvVs2dAg - Voices of the Past:- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqoGR_EedlhKDVuWNwYWRbg - History of the Earth https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aOteuWIY8ITg7DQQspG1g - Sci-Fi Hub:- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpCnaxsH8Y2jO-0j7i_M5TA - Instagram:- https://ift.tt/2JPqa60 - Twitter:- https://twitter.com/PeteKellyHT - Facebook:- https://ift.tt/2NS0kOh
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kx_fjg0CYOk

Liked on YouTube: Eris Facts And History: The Most Massive Dwarf Planet!

Eris Facts And History: The Most Massive Dwarf Planet!
From its distance from the sun, to how it helped change the definition of a planet, and more! Join me as I show you Eris: Facts and History! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. What Is Eris? Depending on your familiarity with our solar system, you may or may not know about Eris, and for good reason based on its location and how it relates to other planets and celestial objects in the system. In short, Eris is one of the largest known dwarf planets in our solar system. For those who don't know, a Dwarf Planet is one that has the size and shape of a planet but fails to meet certain technical qualifications to be considered a full planet. Eris is about the same size as Pluto, but is three times farther from the Sun. Making it something on the very edges of our solar system. In fact, outside of some comets that have been discovered and a "unique object" from 2018, the two are the most distant known objects in our solar system. Eris first appeared to be larger than Pluto. This triggered a debate in the scientific community that led to the International Astronomical Union's decision in 2006 to clarify the definition of a planet. Pluto, Eris and other similar objects are now classified as dwarf planets. Originally designated 2003 UB313 (and nicknamed for the television warrior Xena by its discovery team), Eris is named for the ancient Greek goddess of discord and strife. The name fits since it remains at the center of a scientific debate about the definition of a planet. 7. The Discovery Of Eris Given all we just told you, the discovery of this dwarf planet is really significant. Eris was discovered by the team of Mike Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David Rabinowitz on January 5, 2005, from images taken in October of 2003. The discovery was announced in July 2005, the same day as Makemake and two days after Haumea (two other dwarf planets), due in part to events that would later lead to controversy about Haumea. The search team had been systematically scanning for large outer Solar System bodies for several years, and had been involved in the discovery of several other large TNOs, including 50000 Quaoar, 90482 Orcus, and 90377 Sedna. The reason that Eris wasn't discovered right away via the images in 2003 was very simple, Eris was moving so slowly that scientists weren't able to detect it. The team at the Palomar Observatory had automatic image-searching software that excluded all objects moving at less than 1.5 arcseconds per hour to reduce the number of false positives returned. When Sedna was discovered in 2003, it was moving at 1.75 arcsec/h, and in light of that the team reanalyzed their old data with a lower limit on the angular motion, sorting through the previously excluded images by eye. In January 2005, the re-analysis revealed Eris's slow motion against the background stars. Thus leading to its true discovery. After that, the team dedicated itself to learning more about the soon-to-be-named dwarf planet, mainly learning what kind of orbit it had, and eventually learning the discovery that it had a moon within its orbit. 6. The Xena Name I'm sure some of you out there were a bit curious as to why a scientific team would nickname a planet "Xena" after the legendary TV show featuring Lucy Lawless. Granted, that's not the name the Dwarf Planet has now, but the story behind this nickname is honestly rather unique to our solar system. Due to uncertainty over whether the object would be classified as a planet or a minor planet, because different nomenclature procedures apply to these different classes of objects (which would lead to the demoting of Pluto not long after Eris' discovery and classification), the decision on what to name the object had to wait until after the August 24, 2006 IAU ruling. As a result, for a time the object became known to the wider public as Xena. But why that one? "Xena" was an informal name used internally by the discovery team. It was inspired by the title character of the television series Xena: Warrior Princess. The discovery team had reportedly saved the nickname "Xena" for the first body they discovered that was larger than Pluto. According to Mike Brown, who was part of the team that discovered the dwarf planet: "We chose it since it started with an X (planet "X"), it sounds mythological (OK, so it's TV mythology, but Pluto is named after a cartoon, right?), and (this part is actually true) we've been working to get more female deities out there (e.g. Sedna). #InsaneCuriosity #Eris #TheSolarSystem
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2WOf4Ws4AA

Liked on YouTube: The most habitable Exoplanets we know of

The most habitable Exoplanets we know of
Dear World, Collected current information we have about the best candidates for a habitable Exoplanet. Also took some time making them look nice. Nobody has ever seen an Exoplanet up close, but we know they are there. As even our own System surprises us with amazing Worlds, there is no doubt these are all beauties out there.:) Collaboration with the Exoplanets Channel, he gave me the idea: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v72lBqN3vb4 If you want to support me, please consider joining my supporters on Patreon to get some background info and other goodies: Starts with 1$ :) ---------------------------------------------------------------- https://ift.tt/2nQUcvA ---------------------------------------------------------------- Other social Media: https://twitter.com/morn1415 https://ift.tt/2nZhIFJ https://ift.tt/2nOj6fq Music: SIGNAL TO NOISE by Scott Buckley is licensed under https://ift.tt/1bFo3O7 www.scottbuckley.com.au CASSINI by Scott Buckley is licensed under https://ift.tt/1bFo3O7 www.scottbuckley.com.au Outro Music: "Bush Week" by "Nihilore" is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence http://bit.ly/CCMusicLicense https://ift.tt/2yF3jTk https://youtu.be/dE0f8AqLtLI
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HhLwEjiQFaY

Liked on YouTube: The Closest Habitable Star Systems (Ft. Morn1415)

The Closest Habitable Star Systems (Ft. Morn1415)
Watch Morn1415 video on the most habitable exoplanets we know of: https://youtu.be/HhLwEjiQFaY Today I talk about the closest habitable star systems. If you liked this video, please subscribe, comment and share. Sources: https://ift.tt/380egS2 https://ift.tt/2CyOcBH
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v72lBqN3vb4

Liked on YouTube: True Colors - Family Jammin'

True Colors - Family Jammin'
This is our simple way of showing our love for music during the Pandemic Crisis.
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1SiWWkxX7I

Liked on YouTube: Could Flatland Be CURVED?!

Could Flatland Be CURVED?!
Measuring the curvature of a space takes parallel transport and the Riemann curvature tensor (General Relativity). Let's explore this using Flatland and Lineland, an old tool involving lower-dimensional spaces. Brilliant for 20% off: https://ift.tt/2vUGwpF ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS The Ultimate Guide to Relativity: https://youtu.be/FdWMM6aXpYE What the HECK is a Tensor?!? https://youtu.be/bpG3gqDM80w How Elastic is the Fabric of the Universe? https://youtu.be/DDwlDZidLSg ________________________________ RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS PBS Space Time on Space Curvature: https://youtu.be/D3GVVkPb3OI Flatland by Carl Sagan: https://youtu.be/N0WjV6MmCyM Flatland by "What The Bleep?" https://youtu.be/sEVEKL1Fbx0 ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: https://ift.tt/1MayERM Advanced Theoretical Physics (Paperback): https://ift.tt/2XC9Ziz Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://ift.tt/1eSi8Hl Merchandise: https://ift.tt/2xLNAAP ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE PATRONS Warden of the Asylum: [Available] Asylum Counselors: Matthew O'Connor, Nikolaos Vasiloglou II Asylum Orderlies: William Morton, Fabio Manzini Einsteinium Crazies: Wacky, Eoin O'Sullivan, Ken Davis, LT Marshall, Ilya Yashin Plutonium Crazies: Al Davis, Compuart, Ellis Hall, Kevin MacLean, Randall Sylvia Platinum Crazies: Olga Cooperman, Kyle Bowles, Zein Kassim, Rick Dinning, Eugene Boone, Jon Adams, Mr. Orn Jonasar, Vittorio Monaco, Stephen Blinn, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, Jonathan Reel ________________________________ OTHER SOURCES https://ift.tt/1p2sv9p https://ift.tt/2CCm7cX https://ift.tt/2Vdn2qw https://ift.tt/1RAePGS https://ift.tt/2NpiyJd ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgxQxbcX2bKf48i60oR4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgxYGriPCFHfKBa37OF4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgyakYv7jNKAaujfrWd4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE CREDITS Earth by GOES-16: https://ift.tt/2nHb4mq
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcCsELqZnE0

Liked on YouTube: Beautiful World (Lyrics Video)

Beautiful World (Lyrics Video)
A lyrics video I made of a song from, what I call, the "Anti-Fairly OddParents" with images. Additionally, I put Hera (not Gaia) as the Greek goddess of the Earth, per this source: https://ift.tt/2B7zxNF but Gaia is clearly mentioned as the de facto Greek Earth goddess at one point in the video. The source of the song shall remain unnamed, but it belongs to ViacomCBS Inc. All copyrighted content belongs to their respective owners.
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1HcJoBoHNE

Liked on YouTube: What Is The Yonaguni Monument? | Japan's Underwater Pyramid | Unveiled

What Is The Yonaguni Monument? | Japan's Underwater Pyramid | Unveiled
Kihachiro Aratake was diving off the coast of Yonaguni Island in Japan, looking for hammerhead sharks in the 1980s, when he made an incredible discovery. He found a vast underwater structure made of large, flat terraces and strange rock formations, only sixteen feet beneath the ocean’s surface at its tallest point. Until then, it had been undiscovered… now it’s one of the world’s most captivating mysteries. In this video, Unveiled explores the true meaning behind the Yonaguni Monument! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: Will We Ever Find Atlantis? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBC8YC3PIbE What if We Colonize the Ocean? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-BE_TmDOD8 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #Yonaguni #YonaguniMonument #Abandoned #UnderTheSea #Atlantis #Mystery #Japan
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVc4nyj9TEU

Liked on YouTube: Is the Sun Unusual?

Is the Sun Unusual?
The Copernican Principle has been with us for centuries. It broadly states that "we are typical" but increasingly we are beginning to question this doctrine. One famous push back is the Rare Earth hypothesis, but testing this idea will take generations. What about our Sun? Surely here we should have a better understanding as to whether our star is typical or not. Join us as we discuss why the Sun might be more special than Copernicus ever imagined. Written and presented by Prof Kipping This video is based on research conducted at the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University, New York. You can now support our research program directly here: https://ift.tt/2WLxcP8 *Correction, Copernicus was Polish! Thank-you to Kevin Clark, Denny Smith, Stephanie Hackley, Kolos Kantor for their support and especially to Executive Producers Tom Widdowson, Laura Sanborn & Mark Sloan. References ► Ward & Brownlee, 2010, Rare Earth, Copernicus (Göttingen) ► Gilliland et al., 2010, Kepler Mission Stellar and Instument Noise Properties, ApJS, 197, 6: https://ift.tt/31cjBV6 ► Maehara et al., 2012, Superflares on solar-type stars, Nature, 485, 478: https://ift.tt/3dqsqgh ► Tu et al., 2020, Superflares on solar-type stars from the first year observation of TESS, ApJ, 890, 46: https://ift.tt/3eFCB1O ► Reinhold et al., 2020, The Sun is less active than other solar-like stars, Science, 368, 518: https://ift.tt/37Wrdfy ► Eric Mamajek spectral classifications: https://ift.tt/3i36BXV ► Kroupa, 2002, The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems, Science, 295, 82: https://ift.tt/3hYddX9 Video materials ► Earth video credit to NASA/ESA/M.Kornmesser: https://ift.tt/2Et7ZBN ► Galaxies fly through Sloan SDSS/BOSS/Berkeley Lab: https://youtu.be/08LBltePDZw ► Flying into a galaxy by أحمد الحسيني: https://youtu.be/szD1Eb_JpSs ► Flying through stars by Wilson Blindado: https://youtu.be/lhSJGlgR0UI ► HD 85512b animation by ESO/M. Kornmesser: https://ift.tt/3fVPtBt ► DSCOVR/EPIC/BlueTurn Earth timelapse: https://youtu.be/UZOOL3kYU9k ► K2-18b ESA/Hubble/M. Kornmesser: https://ift.tt/2Vc3zqo ► Milky Way animation by Stefan Payne-Wardenaar: https://ift.tt/2NmnluU ► Proxima animation by PHL@UPR Arecibo/ESO: https://ift.tt/2XlKIfy ► Stellar granulation video observed & reduced by Vasco Manuel de Jorge Henriques, ISP(KVA), Stockholm: https://ift.tt/3eGCYcR ► Sunspot video observed & reduced by Vasco Manuel de Jorge Henriques, ISP(KVA), Stockholm: https://ift.tt/31hjzLH ► Solar prominence by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO: https://youtu.be/PBL1RBj-P1g ► Fiery loop by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO: https://ift.tt/2Z2lrVH ► Charon fly over by NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute/Lunar and Planetary Institute: https://ift.tt/3i6hGaC ► HST animations by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab: https://ift.tt/2ByIpvG ► Transit animation by ESA: https://ift.tt/37UNv1n ► Inside the Sun by SpaceRip: https://youtu.be/inuCAqj8UgQ ► DKIST video: https://ift.tt/3aSIszz ► Sun timelapse by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO/S. Wiessinger: https://ift.tt/1mD23ZU ► GJ 1214b animation by ESO/L. Calçada: https://ift.tt/2Vap0bq ► Sunset by ZH Media: https://youtu.be/STAVSfpayJQ Movies/TV scenes used ► Sunshine (2007)/Fox Searchlight Pictures Music All music used is licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://ift.tt/1bFo3O7) ► Cylinder Four by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://ift.tt/1qZTioL ► Cylinder Five by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://ift.tt/1qZTioL ► We Were Never Meant to Live Here by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://ift.tt/2wjqIZD ► "Painted Deserts" by Shimmer, licensed through SoundStripe.com: https://ift.tt/2LgcO3l ► Stories About The World That Once Was by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://ift.tt/2wjqIZD ► The Sun is Scheduled to Come Out Tomorrow by Chris Zabriskie licensed under a CC Attribution license: https://ift.tt/1gXJpt1 Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch Cool Worlds Long Form Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsEssays #IsTheSunUnusual #RareSun #CoolWorlds
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TAQKJ41eDTs

Liked on YouTube: What's Hidden Behind 2,124,000 Square Miles of the Unexplored Amazon Forest?

What's Hidden Behind 2,124,000 Square Miles of the Unexplored Amazon Forest?
I have a NEW channel ► "Meet, Arnold!" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsoJa2pm6Mo If you like this video - put Thumb Up button (please) and Subscribe to Ridddle channel. We will make this universe smarter together! Okay, okay. I got to go..... See You Soooooooooooooooon dudes ;)
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEoSnIHMB7Q

Liked on YouTube: What Caused The Big Bang?

What Caused The Big Bang?
The Universe began not with a whimper but with a Bang! Everything in this Universe and the Universe itself came into existence because of the commonly told Big Bang. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It all started when in 1922, a Russian Meteorologist, Alexander Friedmann proposed that the universe might be expanding. In a very rare blunder, Albert Einstein, when came to know about this, rejected his theory and with his erroneous calculations proved him wrong. Five years earlier, Einstein had published the Static model of the universe and was very convinced that it was correct. He claimed Friedmann’s theory to be violating the conservation of energy. After eight months, however, Einstein admitted his mistake and published a retraction. The Equation of General Relativity allows for the possibility of an Expanding Universe.  Today this Big Bang theory is an accepted idea of cosmology. The Expansion of the Universe was first observed by Vesto Slipher in the Early 1920s and in 1929, Edwin Hubble who had access to some world’s largest telescopes gave the Hubble Law. According to it, every distant galaxy is moving away from each other with a velocity proportional to its distance. The farther away a galaxy is, greater is the velocity with which it moves away. Then Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson detected a background of microwave radiation known as the Cosmic Microwave Background(CMB) radiations today, coming to Earth from all the directions. It was an afterglow of the primordial, hot and dense Fireball. Today, with the data collected from the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite fits perfectly with the Big Bang and that it accounted for the light nuclear isotopes like deuterium, hydrogen, helium-3 and others. The Big Bang theory is a success but in its traditional form as it was proposed is incomplete. Though it’s called the Big Bang Theory, it does not tell us anything about the Bang! It’s the theory of what happened after the Big Bang, describing how the universe cooled and expanded, and how mater formed different Stars and Galaxies. The theory does not tell us anything about the underlying physics of this explosio*. It not even mentions what caused the Bang, what Bange*, why it Bange* and what happened before the Bang! The inflationary cosmos explains this and we will discuss the physics behind it in this video.  Could the Big Bang have been caused by the gigantic bag of TNT, or a thermonuclear explosio*? Or maybe a gigantic ball of matter collided with a gigantic ball of anti-matter. In fact, none of these events are responsible for the Big Bang and start of our Universe. The Big Bang had two very special and distinct features that differentiated it from any typical explanation.  First, On large scales Big Bang was far more homogenous than any ordinary explosio*. We must clarify you first while discussing homogeneity, that the Universe is inhomogeneous in many ways. New York differs from California and so are the Stars, galaxies and the clusters scattered through the space in a complex pattern. Cosmologically, these are all small scale. On a large scale, like if we divide the Universe into cubes of 300 million light years or more. We would find that each cube resembles the others in all its properties like mass density, light output, etc. The biggest evidence of it is the Cosmic Microwave Background(CMB)  Radiations and data from the COBE satellite. We would need a brief history about the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation to explain the uniformity of our Universe. The Early Universe was boiling and dense and it would rip apart the electrons from the atoms which resulted in a plasma that filled the space. This  plasma was very opaque. So the protons making up the Cosmic Microwave Background radiations, were absorbed and re-emitted constantly. After about 300,000 years the universe cooled to form a transparent plasma of neutral atoms. Since then, the photons have travelled on a straight path and provide us an image of a universe that was 300,000 years old.   Normally such uniformity is easy to explain, because anything comes to a uniform temperature when left undisturbed for a long time. But in the Big Bang theory, the universe develops quickly, leaving no time for the universe to evolve and uniformity to be established. For the sake of discussion lets pretend that the universe contains blue creatures, each having a furnace and refrigerator and have the task to create a uniform temperature. #InsaneCuriosity #TheBigBang
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7w1FXyE-pMw

View from Ladder Beach(1)

Taken on 2020/06/20

View from Ladder Beach(2)

Taken on 2020/06/20

View from Ladder Beach(3)

Taken on 2020/06/20

Liked on YouTube: How Elastic is the Fabric of the Universe?

How Elastic is the Fabric of the Universe?
The behavior of spacetime is described by Einstein's equation (i.e. Einstein's field equations) from General Relativity. To understand how elastic it is, we need to delve into the main equation of elasticity, Hooke's law, and see how it compares. ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS What the HECK is Energy? https://youtu.be/snj1wBtn6I8 What the HECK is a Tensor?!? https://youtu.be/bpG3gqDM80w Tunnel Through The Earth: https://youtu.be/F0zUOcZN6sI ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: https://ift.tt/1MayERM Advanced Theoretical Physics (Paperback): https://ift.tt/2XC9Ziz Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://ift.tt/1eSi8Hl Merchandise: https://ift.tt/2xLNAAP ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE PATRONS Warden of the Asylum: YDT Asylum Counselors: Matthew O'Connor Asylum Orderlies: William Morton, Fabio Manzini, Nikolaos Vasiloglou II Einsteinium Crazies: Wacky, Eoin O'Sullivan, Ken Davis, LT Marshall, Ilya Yashin Plutonium Crazies: Al Davis, Kevin MacLean, Randall Sylvia Platinum Crazies: Zein Kassim, Olga Cooperman, Jonathan Reel, Kyle Bowles, Jon Adams, Mr. Orn Jonasar, Rick Dinning, Eugene Boone, Felipe Cruz, Vittorio Monaco, Stephen Blinn, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese ________________________________ OTHER SOURCES https://ift.tt/1RmOkkf https://ift.tt/2nrfVcG https://ift.tt/3i324Vk https://ift.tt/2BrQF0l https://ift.tt/3hRsedq ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0zUOcZN6sI&lc=UgxuL3EKXw7GXS4VNQt4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0zUOcZN6sI&lc=UgwmaDlFVe1cmbSSGC54AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0zUOcZN6sI&lc=UgyPX4RTLtMumUhoL9V4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE CREDITS Isaac Newton: https://ift.tt/1TMrbI6 Siméon Poisson: https://ift.tt/2YT0TPe
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg

Liked on YouTube: What the HECK is Time?! (in Einstein’s Relativity)

What the HECK is Time?! (in Einstein’s Relativity)
In special and general relativity, we imagine time as just another dimension of space in something called "spacetime." Unfortunately, this picture leads to questions about determinism and free will. Is that really how it works? What does the concept of spacetime actually say about the universe and about time? ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS The Ultimate Guide to Relativity: https://youtu.be/FdWMM6aXpYE Could Flatland Be CURVED?! https://youtu.be/WcCsELqZnE0 ________________________________ RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS PBS Space Time on Spacetime Diagrams: https://youtu.be/P4rW_pPbD-U ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: https://ift.tt/1MayERM Advanced Theoretical Physics (Paperback): https://ift.tt/2XC9Ziz Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://ift.tt/1eSi8Hl Merchandise: https://ift.tt/2xLNAAP ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE PATRONS Warden of the Asylum: [Available] Asylum Counselors: Matthew O'Connor, Nikolaos Vasiloglou II Asylum Orderlies: William Morton, Fabio Manzini Einsteinium Crazies: Wacky, Eoin O'Sullivan, Ken Davis, LT Marshall, Ilya Yashin Plutonium Crazies: Al Davis, Compuart, Ellis Hall, Kevin MacLean, Randall Sylvia Platinum Crazies: Olga Cooperman, Kyle Bowles, Zein Kassim, Rick Dinning, Eugene Boone, Jon Adams, Mr. Orn Jonasar, Vittorio Monaco, Stephen Blinn, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, Jonathan Reel ________________________________ OTHER SOURCES https://ift.tt/2R0G1QL https://ift.tt/1KDBVsc https://ift.tt/2xHCAVx https://ift.tt/2zUD5lI ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcCsELqZnE0&lc=Ugx4VcBiA1jkzK5sCxZ4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcCsELqZnE0&lc=UgxcRUcWqo_qRAUx4Ax4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcCsELqZnE0&lc=Ugwq4H4OH4SyKy3zYoJ4AaABAg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcCsELqZnE0&lc=UgwMxEQVjmNKTg7808Z4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE CREDITS Gravitational Lensing: https://ift.tt/37Ofsqc Gravitational Waves: https://ift.tt/3fJFDlO Black Hole Simulation: https://ift.tt/2O9T3wy People: https://ift.tt/2YpXwR9 https://ift.tt/1LhTbPp https://ift.tt/3hPXysZ https://ift.tt/2zUD6pM https://ift.tt/1RS9edy https://ift.tt/2YY27ZD https://ift.tt/3eoXRZS
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HBKEDyFTv8

Liked on YouTube: 16 Space Events You'll Never Get To See | Unveiled

16 Space Events You'll Never Get To See | Unveiled
The truth is... it’s impossible to witness all the incredible events the universe has to offer in just a single human lifetime. We wish that we could, but we just can't... So, in this video, Unveiled guides you through all of the amazing things you will miss. From near-earth asteroids to distant supernovae... the explosion of the sun and the end of the Milky Way... there is A LOT of cool stuff coming up on the cosmic schedule! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: The Asteroids That Could Kill Us All - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccejPrTvD2s Why Earth Has 2 Moons - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOXKs3nwAl4 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #Space #Betelguese #Milkdromeda #SpaceTravel #Explore #Supernova #Astronomy
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_uCFIlGyEs

Liked on YouTube: Haumea Facts And History: The Fast Spinning Dwarf Planet!

Haumea Facts And History: The Fast Spinning Dwarf Planet!
From its fast-spinning rotation, to the fact that it looks like a football, and more! Join me as I detail for you Haumea Facts and history: The fast spinning dwarf planet! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. What Is Haumea? Despite our solar system being one that is very much in depth in terms of public knowledge about what's out there, there are a few things that don't exactly make the headlines, and Haumea is one of them. Why is that? Because it's a dwarf planet. A dwarf planet is one that has shape of a planet in part or in whole, and has the size to match up to one in part, but it just a bit smaller and has other issues and thus doesn't meant the true qualifications of a true planet. Haumea is found in the Kuiper Belt that is just beyond the planet Neptune. Two teams claim credit for its discovery. Mike Brown and his team at Caltech discovered Haumea in December 28, 2004 on images they had taken on May 6, 2004. On July 20, 2005, they published an online abstract of a report intended to announce the discovery at a conference in September 2005. At around this time, José Luis Ortiz Moreno and his team at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía at Sierra Nevada Observatory in Spain found Haumea on images taken on March 7–10, 2003. Ortiz emailed the Minor Planet Center with their discovery on the night of July 27, 2005. Brown initially conceded discovery credit to Ortiz, but came to suspect the Spanish team of fraud upon learning that his observation logs were accessed from the Spanish observatory the day before the discovery announcement. These logs included enough information to allow the Ortiz team to precover Haumea in their 2003 images, and they were accessed again just before Ortiz scheduled telescope time to obtain confirmation images for a second announcement to the MPC on July 29. Ortiz later admitted he had accessed the Caltech observation logs but denied any wrongdoing, stating he was merely verifying whether they had discovered a new object. Precovery images of Haumea have been identified back to March 22, 1955. IAU protocol is that discovery credit for a minor planet goes to whoever first submits a report to the MPC (Minor Planet Center) with enough positional data for a decent determination of its orbit, and that the credited discoverer has priority in choosing a name. However, the IAU announcement on September 17, 2008, that Haumea had been named by dual committee established for bodies expected to be dwarf planets, did not mention a discoverer. The location of discovery was listed as the Sierra Nevada Observatory of the Spanish team, but the chosen name, Haumea, was the Caltech proposal; Ortiz's team had proposed "Ataecina", the ancient Iberian goddess of spring, which as a chthonic deity would have been more appropriate for a plutino. It's ironic to find teams of people vying for the rights of discovery, but that is indeed what happened here and because of that, Haumea has a bit more of a controversial history than other "true planets" in the solar system. 7. Size and Distance With a radius of about 385 miles (620 kilometers), Haumea is about 1/14 the radius of Earth. If Earth were the size of a nickel, Haumea would be about as big as a sesame seed. This is one of the reasons why it's called a "Dwarf Planet" because while it has an impressive size, it doesn't measure up to the other planets of the solar system. The irony of this is many fold, not the least of which is that there have been several "updates" to the size and radius and dimensions of Haumea as a whole. While no one doubts its elongated shape (which we'll be touching on in a sec), the dimensions on all its side have been conflicting depending on who you talked with. Including 2017 and 2019 studies trying to figure out what the true dimensions are. From an average distance of 4,010,000,000 miles (6,452,000,000 kilometers), Haumea is 43 astronomical units away from the Sun. One astronomical unit (abbreviated as AU), is the distance from the Sun to Earth. From this distance, it takes sunlight 6 hours to travel from the Sun to Haumea. This is rather long compared to the Earth where it takes mere minutes to reach us. Thus why it's much colder in the solar system the farther that you go out into the distance. 6. Orbits And Rotations Haumea is a bit curious when it comes to its orbits and rotations. It takes 285 Earth years to make one trip around the Sun. However, as Haumea orbits the Sun, it completes one rotation every 4 hours, making it one of the fastest rotating large objects in our solar system. Think about that for a second, this object has a "day" in about 1/6th the time the Earth does. #InsaneCuriosity #Haumea #TheSolarSystem
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZtPiDcupIa0

Liked on YouTube: Telescopes on the Moon

Telescopes on the Moon
Get MagellanTV here: https://ift.tt/2tQmE75 and get an exclusive offer for our viewers: an extended, month-long trial, FREE. MagellanTV has the largest and best collection of Science content anywhere, including Space, Physics, Technology, Nature, Mind and Body, and a growing collection of 4K. This new streaming service has 2,000+ great documentaries. Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://ift.tt/2Jkbwo0 Telescopes on the Moon has been a dream since the 1830's. But apart from two small telescopes on Apollo 16 and Chang'e-3, we haven't sent any telescopes to the Moon yet. But now that NASA is planning to return to the Moon permanently, astronomers are once again thinking about placing telescopes on the Moon. 🔔 Subscribe for more: https://www.youtube.com/christianready?sub_confirmation=1 🖖 Share this video with a fellow space traveler: https://youtu.be/QKJY7gH2n9I 🔴 Watch my most recent upload: https://goo.gl/QbRcE2 🚀 Help me improve the channel by joining the community on Patreon https://ift.tt/2TVqkQ0 🚀 Check out Launch Pad merchandise! https://ift.tt/2JoLJNc Disclaimer: Some of these links go to one of my websites and some are affiliate links where I'll earn a small commission if you make a purchase at no additional cost to you. ✅ Let's connect: For business inquiries - chris AT christianready DOT com Twitter - @launchpadastro Instagram - @launchpadastro Facebook - https://ift.tt/2JpbhtT Discord - https://ift.tt/2TPZVDd 📭 c/o Christian Ready P.O. Box 66 Westminster, MD 21158 United States Earth
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKJY7gH2n9I

Liked on YouTube: What If America Never Went To The Moon? | Unveiled

What If America Never Went To The Moon? | Unveiled
One of the most remarkable technological achievements in the twentieth century was the 1969 moon landing, when NASA successfully sent Apollo 11 to the moon... But what if that never actually happened? What if Apollo 11 never launched, and the eagle never landed? In this video, Unveiled asks; "What if NASA never went to the moon?"... This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If NASA Had Unlimited Budget? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D19dQ0x28Ok Why Did NASA Stop Going to the Moon? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEZH_9nUFDg Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #MoonLanding #NASA #OneSmallStep #AlternateHistory #Space
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7dgPUVPxQI

Liked on YouTube: The Kardashev Scale: How Far Can Our Civilization Go?

The Kardashev Scale: How Far Can Our Civilization Go?
We have come to a point where we can assume how civilizations are going to be in the future. Join me as I explain The Kardashev scale. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Kardashev Scale, ranks the technological capabilities of a civilization, according to the energy it is able to manipulate and exploit. The scale was invented in 1964 by the Russian astronomer Nikolai Semenovich Kardashev who was looking for signs of extraterrestrial life within cosmic signals and proposed a scale for ranking these hypothetical civilizations based on their energy consumption. So the Kardashev scale was developed as a way of measuring a civilization’s technological advancement based upon how much usable energy it has at its disposal. The scale has three types that follow the scale of astrophysical structures in our local universe. The basic calibration is based on 3 energy positions on the scale corresponding to the ability to fully manage the energy resources of a inhabited planet (Type I), the star of the respective solar system (Type II) and its galaxy (Type III). Other astronomers have expanded the scale to Type IV and Type V. Samples of civilizations that could correspond to the Kardashev scale are both terrestrial and other supposedly extraterrestrial civilizations. Due to the fact that the American astronomer and astrophysicist Carl Sagan wanted to classify our current civilization, he noticed that we are not Type-I yet and he expanded and calibrated the scale before type I. The reason why human race is not even on type-I yet is because we continue to maintain our energy needs from dea* plants and animals, here on Earth. We are just a humble culture type 0 and we still have VERY long distance to go before promoted to a type I civilization). According to Carl Sagan, in 1900 during the Industrial Revolution period, our terrestrial civilization was at 0.58 while in 2012 it was at 0.72 on the scale. Freeman Dyson estimated that we will probably reach type 1 in 100-200 years, type 2 in the year 11,200 and type 3 in 100,000 to 1,000,000 years. Before we continue with our explanation to the Kardashev Scale, be sure to like or dislike the video so that we can continue improve and make these videos better for you the viewer. Plus, be sure to subscribe to the channel so that you don’t miss any of our weekly videos! Now let's examine on a closer look some features of the 4 energy positions. What does each of these categories really mean in literal terms? Type 0 A type-0 civilization is based on energy which can derive mainly from sources where energy forms are mildly stored and are found before the specific type 1,2,3. Our culture today belongs to type-0, which uses sources such as coal, oil or natural gas. As we mentioned before, it is understood that we have not reached type-1 in the Kardashev scale yet. Type I A Type I civilization has complete control over the energy of its host planet. As a type I civilization, we would be capable of controlling Earth entirely. So this Civilization has managed to tame and consume the energy offered to it by its own planet, which it fully controls. It would, for example, be capable of collecting all the starlight that falls on the planet. However, the ability to harness all of the Earth's energy would also mean that we could have control of all natural forces. The temperature, the climate of the planet could be controlled in the same way that we could control volcanoes, weather conditions and even earthquakes! It is possible that weaving or even earthquakes can be changed at will by this civilization. So we could influence the nature. At least that's the basic idea. These things are hard to believe, but compared to the advances that can be made in the coming years, imagine that these are just basic and primitive levels of control. Type II The next step ? A Type II civilization .This is the next stage in the evolution of a civilization. At this level the inhabitants who make up such a civilization, can harness the power of their mother star, their Sun not only by turning the light of the star into energy, but by controlling the star itself. It would control the orbit of all planets in that system, harvest asteroids and comets at its leisure, and basically consume the entire solar system. Type III But now, in addition to type III culture, a species is now becoming an intergalactic traveler, with great knowledge of all those who have to do with energy, and that will result in the dominatio* of its species, making it a dominant race. Type IV #InsaneCuriosity #TheKardashevScale #WhatWillHappenInTheFuture
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWyAmymVvqQ

Liked on YouTube: Why Space Research Is So Important!

Why Space Research Is So Important!
In recent years, people's interest in all countries on the planet in space exploration has soared. Many controversies have been raised regarding whether money should be spent on Space research while there are many problems in our inhabited planet, earth and especially in Humanity. There is poverty, financial issues. And still so much attention into Space exploration. Why? Join me I show you reasons why Space research is very important. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- We have seen NASA announcing findings in other planets, solar systems and companies such as SpaceX undergo space projects. For instance we have determined the approximate age of the universe, we found water on Mars, we discovered the first exoplanets in 1992, between the years of 2004 and 2005 three new dwarf planets that exist in our solar system came into our attention and so much more. But many keep on claiming. What is the point in all of this? In order for a space exploration to happen, much money needs to be spent. For this reason many people seem to raise questions when it comes to space exploration whether money should be spent on space missions while there are many issues that are happening in our planet that we haven’t solved, and need financial support. So instead of exploring space, money should be spent for Earth’s needs. Some others consider that, since we already visited the moon in 1969, we don’t need space travel anymore. isn’t it enough? Well, there are many reasons why space exploration is important and I will try to explain my point of you on this topic and why space research is more significant than we think and vital to humanity. Before we continue with the significance of space exploration, be sure to like or dislike the video so that we can continue improve and make these videos better for you the viewer. Plus, be sure to subscribe to the channel so that you don’t miss any of our weekly videos! Now let’s start analyzing our topic. Well Universe! Can you imagine the feeling the astronauts who first landed on the moon must felt looking back at the earth? Breaking through into space travel, leaving earth and defeating gravity, taking steps on the moon? I bet the feeling would be unique! As they had the opportunity to see earth from a distance and be the first ones to acknowledge it! Imagine being in there position! I think many are jealous that they didn’t live this experience. For them this incident can’t be compared with anything else, and while we didn’t know at this time, this mission advanced our Humanity, and raised the interest on figuring out the Universe! Only goo results can come out of this as we are learning who we are and becoming strong. But what is the real motive behind exploration. Why do you want to explore and go out of our comfort zone instead of carrying only about what is going on on Earth? Well, the main reason why moon landing happened in 1969 and, is because humans are driven to explore the unknown, discover new worlds and push the boundaries of the scientific limits. Like it or not, we are by nature explorers who want tο push further and challenge the boundaries of what we already know and we want to learn always something new that can cause a whole new reality. We love exploring the world, travelling abroad visiting other countries and places, collecting memories and experiencing feelings. The same happens on a bigger level by exploring the universe. We are never satisfy and we always want more. People try to achieve these feats for reasons that are not necessarily rational. A few years ago we confirmed the existence of dark matter and we couldn't do that without space exploration. What is the value of this knowledge? It's hard to guess today. And what keeps us going is the fact that we can discover everyday something new and in this way we advance human race. Imagination remains our most powerful attribute and we don’t want to stay stable in only one thing. That is what we do. We always explore. We overcome obstacles not because we have to, but because we want to. We can’t live without progress and curiosity is in our blood. In this point we need to make clear that exploration isn’t just only about curiosity though, as exploration is necessary for advancement in general. If it wasn’t for the Space exploration we wouldn’t have advanced technologies. The space research has led us to expand our scientific knowledge and have development of various technologies that improve our lives on Earth and also the economy. The world that we have created today, is the result of several years worth of knowledge, much of which has been built through exploration. #InsaneCuriosity #SpaceResearch #SpaceFacts
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-4AwCAVbmE

Liked on YouTube: 15 Theories About The Universe That Will Blow Your Mind!

15 Theories About The Universe That Will Blow Your Mind!
Humankind is only at the beginning of its journey into trying to understandthe nature of the cosmos and reality. And almost everything we think we know about the universe is later proved wrong but further scientific studies. So, it is only natural that everyone and their mother has a bonkers theory regarding the truth of existence. Ready to hear some of the best? These are theories about the universe that will blow your mind! ► For copyright matters, make sure to send us an email to OfficialAmerikano@hotmail.com
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3M_1IE4hSfk

Liked on YouTube: How Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs Work In 10 Minutes

How Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs Work In 10 Minutes
I have a NEW channel ► "Meet, Arnold!" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsoJa2pm6Mo If you like this video - put Thumb Up button (please) and Subscribe to Ridddle channel. We will make this universe smarter together! Okay, okay. I got to go..... See You Soooooooooooooooon dudes ;)
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3p4NteQYhL0

Liked on YouTube: General Relativity Explained simply & visually

General Relativity Explained simply & visually
Get MagellanTV here: https://ift.tt/30WWnQA and get an exclusive offer for our viewers: an extended, month-long trial, FREE. MagellanTV has the largest and best collection of Science content anywhere, including Space, Physics, Technology, Nature, Mind and Body, and a growing collection of 4K. This new streaming service has 2,000+ great documentaries. Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://ift.tt/2tVP93c When Albert Einstein first published the Special Theory of relativity in 1905, he was ridiculed. People thought it was just too weird and radical to be real. Einstein wasn’t satisfied with his theory either, because the theory did not apply if Gravity was present or if the observer was accelerating. One day, while observing a window washer on a ladder near his patent office, he had a thought experiments. He imagined what would happen if the worker were to fall. He put himself in the window washer’s perspective, and imagined what he would experience as he was falling. He realized that if he was falling, gravity would be the only force acting on him. He would be accelerating towards the ground, but since the ground would not be pushing up on his body, he would feel no weight. And this would be no different than being weightless in space. In a way gravity and acceleration were different ways to describe the same thing. The way to connect gravity in the theory of relativity was through the idea of acceleration, and this became the basis of general relativity. Einstein imagined being in a room with no windows, and a bathroom scale. It would weigh 80 Kgs, What if the room was on a space ship accelerating in an upward direction at 9.8 m/s/s. He would feel the same weight. There would be no difference He imagined what would happen if he took a flashlight and pointed it from one side of the room to the other, as the space ship was accelerating upwards. If he had a ruler, he could measure the height of the light on the other side of the room. He realized that the height measured on the wall would be lower than the source of the light, because the floor of the room would be rushing upwards at ever faster speeds, as the light was propagating across the room. The light beam would appear to curve downward. However, If you were on earth, and you measured the two heights, you may think that there should be no difference. That light should go straight to the other side of the room. Einstein thought it can’t be because it would violate the principle of equivalence. Acceleration of the room on a space should be no different than the room under the influence of gravity on earth. He realized that this meant light must bend in the presence of a gravitational field. But light should be going on the shortest path. Then he realized, maybe the shortest path between two points is not a straight line but a curved line near gravity. This was the key insight that Einstein had about gravity. But in order to express this mathematically, it required very complicated mathematics that even a genius like Einstein could not easily figure out. He contacted an old buddy from his college days, mathematician Marcel Grossman. It’s important to note that the trampoline analogy you normally see on TV shows and youtube videos like this is a 2D plane used for visualization purposes only, but it is really in 3D. In order for this theory to really be taken seriously, it had to make a prediction that could be tested, which was confirmed by the fact that it explained Mercury’s orbit which had been a mystery for decades because it had a precession. General relativity predicted exactly the precession that Mercury actually has. But many skeptics still remained. The most fool proof confirmation came 4 years after he published it,when a team led English Astronomer, Arthur Eddington. in 1919, photographed stars near the sun during a total solar eclipse. He found that light passed near the sun was bent by the curvature of space due to its gravity. This is the moment Einstein became a celebrity. #generalrelativity #einstein Why is this not just a distortion of space but also of time?...because special relativity says that light always moves at the same speed regardless of perspective or reference frame. This means that light will have the same speed in an accelerating reference frame as it will in a resting reference frame. But since the distance traveled by the beam of light in a gravitational field is longer due the curving of space, in order for the speed of light to remain constant, time itself must pass slower in the gravitational field relative to time in empty space. You should know that although General relativity is an amazing achievement, it does not answer everything. Questions remain. Although it tells us how gravity works, it doesn’t really tell us what exactly it is.
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzQC3uYL67U

Liked on YouTube: Apollo 11 Mission: The First Moon Landing!

Apollo 11 Mission: The First Moon Landing!
Humanity experienced an important event that changed the scientific reality forever. Join me as I tell you about a mission that was written in History! The Apollo 11 mission. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NASA's Apollo space program was launched in February 1967 with the aim of sending humans to the Moon by the end of the current decade, as US President John F. Kennedy had projected to the world. And so it happened. On July 16, 1969, the Saturn V rocket took off from the Kennedy amputee, transporting three astronauts to the most dangerous mission that mankind attempted until then. The mission is known as Apollo 11. The first landing on the lunar surface was about to happen. At the top of the rocket was the command module named Columbia. Underneath it was the service module that had the fuel. Above it was the Eagle Lunar Module which is the one that would land on the lunar surface. From these three vehicles, only Columbia would return to earth. During the voyage the crew of the space consisted of three astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins. All three of them were 39-year-old, experienced fighter pilots and tested astronauts. Before we continue with Apollo 11 mission, be sure to like or dislike the video so that we can continue improve and make these videos better for you the viewer. Plus, be sure to subscribe to the channel so that you don’t miss any of our weekly videos! Let’s see now on a closer look the three remarkable astronauts that made history! First of all! Neil Armstrong! He was an aircraft pilot in the Navy Air Force from 1947 to 1952, and he participated in the Korean War by flying in 78 missions on a Grumman F9F-2 Panther plane. After he studied aeronautics, he joined the NASA in 1955 and became one of the best aircraft testers in the world. In 1966 he was captain of the Gemini 8 mission, during which two spacecraft were first connected to space. The mission almost ended in tragedy when the rocket connected to Gemini, began to spin uncontrollably around its transverse axis, but despite the dizziness due to the rotation, Armstrong managed with calm manipulations to disconnect Gemini. The second one, Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin! Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin was also a veteran pilot, whose responsibility was to connect spacecraft to orbit. He proved his worth on The Gemini 12 flight when he carried out all the extremely complex calculations required when Gemini's radar malfunctioned. Initially, Aldrin was supposed to be the first man on the Moon, but eventually NASA decided that the honor rightfully belongs to Armstrong as captain of the spacecraft. Last but not Least, Michael Collins. Michael Collins was also a tested pilot. He took part in the Gemini 10 flight and He is the man who would remain orbiting the Moon, while his two colleagues would make history on its surface. Let’s give some details of the “Journey” Firstly we need to mention further information about the “Eagle”. The Eagle vehicle was the first genuine spacecraft, a vehicle completely free from the aerodynamic limitations of transit through the Earth's atmosphere. The “Moon car” looked like no other flying vehicle. The only limitation was weight, as, according to NASA calculations, each tonne of weight required three tons of fuel to be launched. The journey lasted three days and finally the spacecraft was in orbit around the Moon on July 19, 1969. July 20, 1969 is a landmark date for the history of mankind, as for the first time a human being set foot on another planet, named as the Moon. It was really important to find a smooth area to land as otherwise they wouldn’t be able to return. So they did. A smooth and flat area had been selected as a landing site. It is named Mare Tranquillitatis.But it didn't take long for problems to be noticed. The eagle's computer got some error messages and because of the damage it couldn't process the data it received, quickly enough. From this point, the mission was in danger. But later on, the control center in Houghton gave the green light for the continuation of the mission, judging that the problem was not significant enough to cause further problems. However, when the eagle reached a suitable altitude, Armstrong looked and could see that he was heading automatically towards a rocky area. If it landed in a rocky area, then it would be impossible to take off and return to earth and the two explorers would stay on the surface of the satellite forever. #InsaneCuriosity #ToTheMoon #MoonLanding
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=paMr7u3imrE

Liked on YouTube: Did Ancient Civilizations Move Away From Earth? | Unveiled

Did Ancient Civilizations Move Away From Earth? | Unveiled
Was there a pre-human, intelligent species on planet Earth? In this video, Unveiled discovers our planet's ancient, ANCIENT history, to determine whether humans really are the first advanced race to evolve here? And, if we're not, then what was here before us..? The Silurian Hypothesis is inspired by "Doctor Who", but is it more than simple science fiction?? This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: Why is Earth the Only Planet With Life? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=In2iyra6SKU Did Ancient Civilisations Have Modern Technology? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w3hCpjsKtw Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #AncientHistory #History #AncientAliens #AncientTimes #Civilization #AncientCivilization #Mystery
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwqHWRHysqw

Liked on YouTube: Philosophy of Physics

Philosophy of Physics
From Newton and Maxwell to General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Dark Matter, and Dark Energy. The nature of fundamental physical laws. My Patreon account is at https://ift.tt/1KiuNNi
via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DACcyBN5Jng

Liked on YouTube: What Is The Oort Cloud?

What Is The Oort Cloud?
Looking at where we are now. With our back to the sun, and the Planets, Asteroids and comets behind us, we face Deep Space. There’s nothing between us and the stars that are very far away. Or is there? The Empty space beyond Neptune is not empty. What if we tell you that the Solar system is in the centre of a Giant ice-cloud! This cloud might be filled with billions and trillions of comets and other objects. What is the Oort Cloud? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe for more videos:https://www.youtube.com/c/InsaneCuriosity?sub_confirmation=1? Business Enquiries: lorenzovareseaziendale@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Before talking about this cloud, let’s talk about what are comets? Comets are cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rocks and dust, orbiting the sun. They are typically the size of a town.These comets while orbiting the sun, get close to it and in the process are heated. Upon heating, they emit dust and gases into a giant glowing head. The dust and gases form a tail that stretches away from these for millions of miles. There are two main classes of comets : Short-period comets (also called elliptical comets) and long period comets. Short period comets are generally accepted to have emerged from either the Kuiper belt or the Scattered Disc which are two linked flat discs of icy debris beyond Neptune’s orbit at 30 au and jointly extending out beyond 100 au from the Sun. Short period comets have an orbital period of less than 200 years and orbit the Sun in the same plane as the planets. Long period comets have tilted and wildly elliptical orbits and appear from every direction in the sky. Their orbits last for thousands of years. The orbits of comets within the Kuiper belt are relatively stable, and so very few comets are thought to originate there. The scattered disc, however, is dynamically active, and is far more likely to be the place of origin for comets. Comets pass from the scattered disc into the realm of the outer planets, becoming what are known as centaurs. These centaurs are then sent farther inward to become the short-period comets. There are 3,364 comets discovered so far. But there is a problem here. Comets loose material and burn up when they fly by the sun and melt in the spectacular process which creates those gorgeous tails. After an interval of time comets disappear, and yet new comets keep coming. It's been nearly 4.5 Billion years to our solar systems birth and yet these comets are still appearing from nowhere. So where are they coming from? And what makes them come toward us? This was a very puzzling question back in the mid- 20th century. It was first theorised and solved by Dutch Astronomer, Jan Oort in 1950. He was also the first person to find the evidence for dark matter. He also found the distance of our Solar System from the Centre of our Milky Way. To understand what he proposed, lets go a bit back in time, about 4.5 Billion years back. Lets Observe our solar system, coalescing out of a flat disk of material around the sun, the inner planets were warmer, smaller and rocky while the outer planets were in a region that was freezing and grew huge. As this part of the solar system was chillier, water came in the form of ice mixed with dust and other stuffs. These pieces would then collide and stick together, and in the process they grew bigger. So, after the planets formed, the region in which they were formed still contained lots of these leftover chunks of ice and stuff called Planetesimals. Planetesimals formed the same material as the planets did. But those outer Jovian planets, they had a lot of gravity and any piece of chunk that got too close to them, were either assimilated in them or got thrown into highly eccentric orbits. They were either thrown towards the sun or flung out into Deep Space. Trillions upon trillions of such ice balls got tossed around by the planets. These small chunks with a very little gravity pulled on the heavy planets and the planets did the same. Though, the gravitational pull of these small chunks of ice was not much, but after trillions of these encounters, it accounted. So, the overall effect of all these encounters was that the Saturn, Uranus and Neptune moved outwards and Jupiter moved Inwards. As Neptune was moving outwards, it had a lot of encounters with these ice chunks and flung them into wild elliptical and tilted orbits. This shuffling and moving of the outer planets is what caused the Late Heavy Bombardment in our solar system.Today, there are three distinct populations of these objects. One is a region called the Kuiper belt, named after the Dutch Astronomer Gerard Kuiper. Comets in this belt have a stable orbit aligned with the planets. #InsaneCuriosity #Oortcloud #TheSolarSystem
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